What Is Computer Vision Syndrome?

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), also known as digital eye strain, refers to a group of eye- and muscle-related problems caused by prolonged use of computers, tablets, smartphones, and other digital screens. In today’s digital world, screens are used for work, education, communication, and entertainment—making visual strain increasingly common.

Studies show that a significant percentage of adults spend five or more hours per day looking at digital devices. This extended screen time has led eye care professionals to recognize Computer Vision Syndrome as a widespread visual and ergonomic condition.

Why Digital Screens Are Harder on Your Eyes

Viewing digital screens places unique demands on the visual system. Unlike printed text, letters on a screen are formed by pixels, which can appear less defined and slightly unstable, especially on lower-resolution displays. This forces the eyes to work harder to maintain focus.

Screen lighting also differs from traditional reading light. Digital devices emit light directly into the eyes and may produce glare, reflections, or contrast issues that contribute to eye fatigue. Similar strain can occur when reading glossy surfaces, where reflected light makes it harder to distinguish text clearly.

Viewing distance and screen angle also play an important role. Desktop monitors, laptops, and tablets are often positioned too high, too low, or too close, increasing eye strain and encouraging poor posture. Extended screen use frequently leads to forward head posture, placing strain on the neck and shoulders.

In addition, many desk-based tasks require constant shifting of focus between different distances—such as reading emails, typing, reviewing paperwork, and using phones or office equipment. This repetitive focusing can overwork the eye muscles and worsen symptoms.

Symptoms of Computer Vision Syndrome

If you experience any of the following symptoms, your eye doctor may evaluate you for Computer Vision Syndrome:

Eye strain or tired eyes
Headaches after screen use
Blurred or fluctuating vision
Dry, irritated, or burning eyes
Neck, shoulder, or upper back pain
Increased sensitivity to light
Worsening of existing vision conditions such as farsightedness, astigmatism, or presbyopia

How Computer Vision Syndrome Is Treated

Treatment for Computer Vision Syndrome depends on the underlying cause, which may be visual, environmental, postural, or mechanical. Many patients benefit from a combination of approaches tailored to their specific work habits and visual needs.

Common recommendations include increasing text size and screen contrast to reduce squinting and improve readability. Adjusting monitor height, viewing distance, and lighting can significantly reduce eye and muscle strain.

Some individuals benefit from computer glasses, which are designed specifically for intermediate viewing distances used during screen work. Anti-glare screen filters and lens coatings can also reduce reflections and improve comfort.

Dry eye symptoms may be managed with artificial tears, improved blinking habits, and scheduled breaks from screen use. Eye care professionals often recommend following the 20-20-20 rule, which encourages users to look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes.

Protect Your Eyes from Digital Eye Strain

As screen use continues to increase, protecting your vision has never been more important. A comprehensive eye exam allows your optometrist to detect Computer Vision Syndrome, evaluate your visual demands, and recommend personalized solutions.

If you’re experiencing discomfort or visual changes related to screen use, ask your eye care provider about strategies and treatments to reduce digital eye strain and maintain long-term eye health.